35mm - Brief History

When it comes to photography and film, it is impossible not to hear more than 35 mm. Film, when technicians in the conversation. It is 35 mm. Film, as is 35 mm. wide and will have perforations along both edges in each mm 4.23.

With a history dating back from 1889 when the first time by Thomas Edison, the 35 mm film is still used today presented with some variations in size, what it is, but its form has remained essentially the same as in all theseYears. It 'was introduced to photography in 1913 and is still very popular with several professional photographers.

When we talk about the film we're talking about tone as well as talk. At first the idea of ​​synchronizing audio and video was well regarded, but it was very difficult to implement. This is when the sound begins to be stored directly on the film, in which the analog soundtrack that takes the film by a small margin on the left. In search of perfection in the displayChange the relationship as well as new methods to save the sound.

Today, digital audio has been implemented. The break through technology behind this was to save the sound from the perforations in Dolby Digital, synchronized in two strips along the outside edges of the SDDS and more recently on a special CD-drive, thanks to a time code with DTS movies.

Develop the technology, how it will be in the moment and the new technical features, probably inFuture, but as far as the main format of 35 mm film is left with only minor changes, which are better for the purpose of his will to appropriate the same. The most common of the film is now considered one of the 4 holes, a vertical pull and has a density of about one part in 19 mm.

A History of Photography - 1888-present

The art of photography has certainly come a long way down. The first "camera" was essentially nothing more than a projector and see things on their heads to it. But after a series of technological leaps during the 19 century, as tintypes and daguerreotypes had introduced the first thoroughly modern camera in 1888. Since then, the cameras must be nearly universal, and we enjoy recording and presentation of our photos as art in ourHomes.

As camera technology has come so far in so little time? Of course, it can be argued that the technology itself has grown rapidly and expanded. But in 1888, the forerunner of our modern Canons and Nikon was a Kodak camera which took a six-meter roll of paper to make pictures. In addition, these cameras took pictures instead of circular, rectangular our today.

After 1888 there was a series of innovations for the improvement of photography.First, in 1889, Kodak came up with for their film cameras instead of paper. This is really the market for mass-produced cameras that were more usable. A year later, Kodak has created his Brownie box camera in the film. Given that the brownie was a cheap, cardboard-body, did take photos for everyone, not merely the elite. After taking the photos enough to fill a movie role, a person would send the camera to be developed in the film.

At first,All the photos were in black and white or some shades of gray. Of course, many people who smoked around their pictures after they were taken, but it was not always an accurate representation of colors when the image was actually made. So in 1907 the Lumiere brothers developed commercial films in color, called plaques Car Chrome.

Of course, with the advent of portable, less expensive cameras and film is best in the growth of photojournalism and the inclusion ofdifferent cultures. This documentation is also available for the government setting Lewis Hine's child labor in the mills expanded in 1909 photo. Perhaps film cameras and opened the door for politicians to see how hard life had some really, and were able to regulate child labor and other harmful practices.

In 1914, Oscar Barnack, under the microscope using Leitz German company, has created the first modern-frame camera. He did a 24x36mm frame and 35mm films.This camera has been improved until 1924, when Leitz sells the device with the name of Leica. The Leica camera was the highest-quality 35 mm, and it was a far cry from the previous brownies.

Half of 1900 led to a series of new techniques in photography. In 1931, a man developed at MIT stroboscopic photography. In 1936, Kodachrome was the first multi-layered color film was. In addition, during this period that manufacturers such as Nikon, Fuji, and Zeiss. In 1963,Made with Polaroid instant color film.

In the 20 th Century were delayed things as auto-focus (Minolta 1985), Photoshop (Adobe in 1990), and in 1991, the first digital camera from Kodak. Of course, you probably know the story from there. Now we can put our photos on the Internet as Snapfish and Facebook albums. We can take pictures and put them directly into our computer. Digital cameras, which were $ 6,000 for 2.74MP in 1999 are now at $ 200 and at least 10 megapixels.

With the ease we have now to participate in photography, we should take advantage of other benefits that we must use modern technology, how to transform pictures in our art canvas. For more information on printing images on canvas, check your photo on canvas today.

History of the Camera

Image : http://www.flickr.com

Early cameras of the 16th and 17th century were able to project images onto paper or glass but the study of capturing, processing and printing the images took many more years. Up until the 17th century, scientists believed that light was composed basically of the 'white' that is perceived by the human eye. It took the research done by famous physicist Isaac Newton to discover that light is actually composed of a spectrum of colors. While he made a big contribution to the study of optics (that is at the core of camera advances) with this discovery, Newton did not actually have anything to do with camera development per se.

The early camera that first became a phenomenon was a little more than a pinhole camera and can be traced back to 1558. It was called the Camera Obscura. The Camera Obscura was seen as a drawing tool for a clearer and realistic portrayal of objects. It was in the early 19th century that an invention named the Camera Lucida was introduced by Cambridge scientist William Hyde Wollaston that consisted of an optical device that could help an artist view a distant scene or person or object on a paper surface that he or she was using to draw. In other words the artist gets to view a superimposed image of a subject on paper and this image could be effectively used to attempt to draw, trace or paint it. Both the Camera Obscura and the Camera Lucida provided an image that was temporary, which could not be lastingly captured on to paper for later reference.

Studies however continued well into the 1800's on how to actually capture the image onto material. It was during this time, around 1822 that French researcher Joseph Nicephore Niepce, created the first photograph by using paper that was coated with a chemical. The image would not stay permanently on the paper and would disappear after a short while. Even so, despite the short-lived nature of the image, the concept of photography was born with this experiment and paved the way for further study and development in this field.

Capturing images to retain them longer and permanently became the next big quest for researchers. Another Frenchman Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre partnered with Joseph Nicéphore Niépce in 1829, to develop the process of creating permanent photographs. Joseph Niépce died in 1833 but Daguerre continued with the work and succeeded in 1837 after many long years of experimentation. The process of capturing photographic images that would not fade away, introduced by Daguerre came to be known as the 'daguerreotype'.

The word 'photography' was coined by scientist Sir John F.W. Herschel in 1839 and it is actually is derived from two Greek words 'photos' meaning light and 'graphein' meaning draw.

A slightly more advanced version of the daguerreotype called the Calotype process that makes multiple copies possible using the negative and positive method became available very soon after. In fact, it was during the 1840's that the use of photographic images in advertisements first started and cameras made their mark on the power of visual communication. It was not much later, in the 1850's that photographers first started experimenting with underwater photography of seascapes.

Up until 1850, the process of capturing images was cumbersome requiring upto half an hour of light exposure. The discovery made in 1851 by Frederick Scott Archer was a blessing since the new method termed the Collodion process called for just 2-3 seconds of light exposure to capture an image.

Prior to 1871, photographers went through a development process where they had to coat the plate with wet chemical each and every time and process the image immediately. With the invention the gelatin dry plate silver bromide process by Richard Leach Maddox, negatives did not have to be developed immediately. This was an important discovery since up until then the captured image had to be processed instantly.

Kodak created in 1888 by George Eastman has been a modern day pioneer of sorts in cameras and photography for the masses. George Eastman and the scientists who worked with him at Kodak developed the photographic film in 1889 and made it available in rolls for the mass use of consumers. An important milestone in our entertainment and communication history was the development of transparent roll film by Eastman. This development led to another key invention - the motion picture camera by Thomas Edison's in 1891.

-->Modern Times

During the 20th century the pace of technology development in cameras and photography continued at an accelerated pace much like many other key technology developments. While several key inventions like car, telephone and the gramophone record happened in the later half of the 19th century, it is the last 100 years that saw major developmental work in many areas of communications technology and as well as in other fields - TV, aircrafts, PCs, digital technology, digital cameras, mobile phones, fax machines and the internet, to name a few.

In the case of the camera, the developments simplified the whole process of photography, making it accessible to one and all at affordable prices and the camera industry denizens of our times made it into a mass phenomenon. The first mass use camera became available at the turn of the 20th century and can be traced back to the year 1900. There are hundreds of models of cameras available today both for the amateur as well as the professional and the camera is an important part of any family's repertoire of must have gadgets.

-->20th century chronology in the history of the camera:

1913: 35 mm still-camera created

1927: The flash bulb introduced by General Electric Co. (The concept of camera flash existed much before but was based on the use of a flash light powder that was invented by German researchers)

1935- 1941: Kodak starts marketing Kodachrome film and subsequently launches Kodacolor negative film. Canon released the Hansa Canon in 1936, the first 35mm focal-plane shutter camera.

1948: The concept of the Polaroid camera is introduced in the market. American scientist Edwin Land developed the process for instant photography. Later Polaroid Corporation developed the 'instant color' film around 1963.

1957: Frenchman Jaques Yves Cousteau invented the first waterproof 35mm camera for underwater photography named the Calypso Phot. The actual camera was developed by the Belgian airplane technical designer Jean de Wouters based on the blueprint and suggestions given to him by Cousteau.

1972: The electronic camera that does not require film was created and patented by Texas Instruments. This is however not the same as a digital camera though you don't require film in digital cameras as well. The launch of the digital camera is still many years away.

1975: Kodak's experiments with digital imaging kicked off around the mid seventies but it will take another 20 years before a digital camera for the home consumer market is launched.

1978 - 1980: Asian players like Konica and Sony begin to make their mark. The 'point and shoot' automatic focus camera is launched by Konica while Sony starts talking about the camcorder and demonstrates a prototype.

1981: Sony launches a commercially available electronic still camera. Similar to the 1972 invention by Texas Instruments, the Sony electronic camera came with a mini disc on which images were recorded and stored. The recorded images could be later printed or viewed on a monitor using a reader device.

1985: Digital processing technology makes its entry. Digital imaging and processing is introduced by Pixar.

1986: The camera industry becomes even more consumer focused and taps the fun and travel connotations behind camera usage, with the launch of the concept of the disposable single use cameras. Fuji is credited with the development of this concept.

Also in 1986 - 1987, Kodak started taking giant strides in digital development. Digital means, the photographic image is divided into tiny units of dots or squares known as pixels. Pixels are the programmable units of an image that can be processed by computers. Each image could be made up of millions of pixels. The use of pixels in digital technology allows storing large volumes of pixels to deliver high definition print quality.

1990: Kodak introduces Photo CD's. It is a system of storing photographic images on CD and then viewing them on a computer. With this development the user-friendly approach of the camera industry began to take concrete shape.

1991: Kodak introduces a digital camera targeted at professionals and journalists. Kodak is credited with the invention of a pixel based camera technology known to us as the digital camera. Digital cameras don't use film similar to their predecessor electronic cameras but the storage method is entirely different and the final photograph is of much higher resolution. In a digital camera photos are recorded and stored in digital form. This digital data can be transferred to a computer and processed for printing. Kodak and Canon are well known digital camera manufacturers and there are also several other key brands as well.

1994: The Apple QuickTake camera, a home use digital camera is launched. This is followed by the launch of a clutch of home use digital cameras by Casio, Kodak and others in quick succession during 1995 -'96.

-->The digital era:

The development of digital camera technology is considered to be linked to the development of TV and Video technology. The principles of transmission and recording of audio-visual images using digital electrical impulses finds use in camera imaging as well.

Through the 1990's the developments continued in camera technology, the focus now shifting to the field of digital imaging which is where the future lies. Use-friendly features like software that can download digital images directly from camera onto home computers for storing and sharing on the internet is the new norm in the market place.

The camera, the computer, the software industry and the worldwide web are today irrevocably interlinked to empower the user in experiencing the benefits of camera usage to full potential. The innovation that sparked many an invention in the camera industry found its way into the digital world as well and continued among digital camera manufacturers. During 2001, the Kodak and Microsoft partnership ensured that digital camera manufacturers could use the power of Picture Transfer Protocol (PTP) standard through Windows. The digital photo experience is a key visual driver in the Internet era. Many of Kodak digital camera models with EasyShare capabilities are compatible with Windows XP. The Kodak EasyShare software enables users to transfer digital camera pictures directly from camera to their computers and then print the pictures or even email them.

Manufacturers in a related industry like the printing industry have adapted their products to be in sync with the images created by digital cameras. Cell phone manufacturers have tied up with digital camera manufacturers to develop new age camera phones in recent years. These camera phones can capture images and share the images through the cell phone.

Among the 21st century digital developments are the advanced product offerings from digital cameras manufacturers and these are sure to occupy an important place in the ensuing history of camera development. For instance, the Kodak Professional DCS Pro SLR/c is a high-end digital camera and the Kodak website calls the DCS Pro SLR models the most feature-rich digital cameras on the market. It has an image sensor that can handle 13.89 million pixels and this makes it the highest resolution digital camera available. High resolution determines the sharpness or level of detail in photographic images. This is just a glimpse of the capabilities that digital technology places in a user's hands. Digital camera sales figures for 2003 show that the two key players Kodak and Canon have recorded impressive growth.

-->What does the future holds for camera users?

The features offered by digital cameras can be quite mind-boggling for the average user and pretty exciting for most pros. Four key ongoing camera developments that are likely to further improve the process of photography:

1. Greater resolution from even the simplest, low cost camera models

2. Usage in any type of lighting conditions,

3. Compatibility across a range of software, hardware and image types

4. Rich colors and tone

While the higher-end digital evolution continues, the prices of the simple camera have crashed to such an extent that even children and teens are proud owners of uncomplicated cameras. The camera and photography interest starts young and this creates a truly large audience base for the camera industry.

And throughout history, it is evident that the endeavor of researchers and developers has been to make the camera available to a wide section of society. Without camera technology and photography, the other key developments of cinema and TV would have been delayed and what a boring place the world would have been without TV and films!!

The History of the Photograph

In first actual photograph originated in the year 1825. Joseph Niepce, who was French, developed the first photograph. The first photographs were of a plate made of pewter, which in using some other materials could be used to print pictures with ink. As time progressed he was also responsible for improving on the process.

Many people who also toyed with photographs and the process of making them, added to the improvement of how a photograph was made. In the beginning, it wasn't actually called photograph but instead heliograph. The actual meaning of heliograph is sun drawing as it was a term coined by Niepce for the way he used to develop a picture.

The process of making a heliograph was a very long process and took all of eight hours to complete the exposure time. Niepce worked very hard to try and cut down the exposure time but, he was never able to shorten it and took up with a paiter in Paris by the name of Jacques-Mande Daguerre. Together, they worked trying to find an answer to how to shorten the time it took to make a photograph from start to finish, but Niepce died before they were able to find a way.

Daguerre was able to finally shorten the time it took to about half an hour. He was able to do this by using the studies he and Niepce produced when they had earlier on worked together. So, actually Daguerre could take the name of father of photography, but, Niepce has to be given cudo's for the first actual photograph.

Now, the word photograph actually is Greek derived and is taken from a few different words with different meanings. In the beginning of the photograph it often dealt with using toxic chemicals and could be quite expensive. As photographs were improved upon one after the other, things begin to become better and less expensive to produce them.

Imagine what it was like for people to be able to capture their likeness and the likeness of their loved ones in a permanent way. It has to have been a surreal experience to say the least. However, this new invention of taking photographs did not exactly catch on directly with the wealthy. The more elite social status of individuals still had their likeness captured by artist and portrait painters.

As time went by though, the photographs were exceedingly getting better all the while and monochrome images were starting to offer something that really no painter of portraits could. And since then photographs has only improved each time someone would try tweaking them or using altogether different methods. This is the way of any thing in the world from the beginning of time until present day. they were as we still do try to always improve upon something to make it better than it way before.

Much evidence points to a time of only about a decade that Daguerre was able to keep his dominant process of making photographs, until others started to shadow him using new and different processes. And this is the way it was and continues to be until the present day. Photographs and how to take them are still being researched and made better all the time, and it will probably continue on just as it always has.

Panasonic Digital Cameras - The History Behind Their Cameras

Panasonic is a world-renowned consumer electronics company today. Its digital cameras have recently entered the market. In this article, we will view the story of Panasonic and some of the latest cameras which have been launched by the company in the market.

The inception of Panasonic took place in the year 1918 on a small work table in the house of Konosuke Matsushita. At that time, Matsushita invented the two-socket light fixture. This product became a success and Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd. was established.

Panasonic is the largest manufacturer of consumer electronics in the world today. The firm produces a wide array of products which cater to several needs of consumers. Its policy of achieving hundred percent customer satisfaction and providing optimal quality goods, has led Panasonic from strength to strength. In fact, the name Panasonic is synonymous with innovation, quality, performance and ease of use.

As far as digi cameras are concerned, Panasonic has got several types of digi cameras which can cater to various audiences depending on their budget and needs. In fact, Panasonic has also entered into an alliance with German camera maker, Leica to develop still digital cameras. The reason for this alliance is the fact that Panasonic is a small player in the digital market today. This alliance will help both Leica and Panasonic to take over an estimated ten percent of the digital camera market share.

Panasonic's latest line of digi cameras consists of mainly three series. One of these is the Lumix digital camera series. The Lumix camera makes use of lenses provided by Leica. This helps in getting images which are extremely clear and bright. The Lumix is a highly advanced camera and also comes with manual control options. Its shutter interval is also less than 0.04 seconds, hence allowing the photographer to take shots quickly.

Another series of digital cameras are cheaper and smaller, known as the D-Snap digital camera series. These cameras are trendy and small. They are super-slim and come in different colors. These cameras can also record videos and play music. The D-Snap digital camera is aimed at teenagers and youngsters who are looking for something smart and trendy and which also fit into their budget.

Slowly and steadily, Panasonic is establishing a name for itself in the digi camera world. This company, which has always believed in putting the customer's needs first, is sure to make a mark in this arena as well.

Kevin Rockwell worked as a network TV cameraman for 20 years shooting news and sports. Now a devoted fan of digital photography and video he works to gather information, tips and news for camera users. Oh and he loves to shoot pictures of his kids playing sports. Great Digital Cameras

35mm Film - A Short History

When it comes to photography and motion picture it is impossible not to hear about 35 mm. film when going technical into the conversation. It is called 35 mm. film as it is 35 mm. wide and will have perforations on both edges at each 4.23 mm along it.

With a history dating back since 1889, when it was first introduced by Thomas Edison, the 35 mm film is still used today with some variations in format based on what it is used for but basically its form stayed the same all these years. It was first introduced into photography in 1913 and is still very popular amongst several professional photographers.

If we are to talk about film we have to talk about sound as well. In the beginning the idea of synchronizing sound and video was appreciated but was quite difficult to realize. That's when the sound started to be stored directly to film, forming the analog soundtrack that takes out of the film a small margin to the left. In the search for perfection the display ratio changed together with new methods of storing the sound.

Nowadays digital soundtracks have been implemented. The technology break through behind this was the storage of the sound between perforations in Dolby Digital, in 2 strips along the outside part of the edges in SDDS and lately on a special compact disk synchronized thanks to a time code with the film in DTS.

With technology evolving as it does at the moment new techniques and features will probably be available in the future but so far the main format of the 35 mm film has remained unchanged with just mild modifications that are better suited for the purpose it was designed for. The most common aspects of the film nowadays is considered the one that has 4 perforations, a vertical pulldown and a density of around one frame in 19 mm.